A stoma is a surgically created opening on the surface of the abdomen that allows waste such as urine or stool to exit the body when the normal route is unavailable or needs to be bypassed. It connects either the intestines or urinary tract to the outside of the body and is often part of treatments for conditions affecting the digestive or urinary systems.

Types of Stomas

There are different types of stomas depending on the part of the body involved. A colostomy connects the large intestine (colon) to the abdomen, allowing stool to bypass the rectum. An ileostomy involves bringing the small intestine (ileum) to the abdominal surface. A urostomy diverts urine away from a damaged or diseased bladder.

Why Are Stomas Created?

Stomas may be necessary due to diseases such as colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, trauma, or congenital abnormalities. They can be temporary or permanent depending on the underlying condition and treatment plan.

Living with a Stoma

Living with a stoma requires adapting to changes in body function and care routines. Special bags or pouches are attached over the stoma to collect waste. With proper support and education, many people lead full and active lives following stoma surgery.

Summary

A stoma is an opening on the abdomen created surgically to allow waste elimination when normal pathways are disrupted. It can greatly improve health outcomes and quality of life in various medical conditions.

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