Apple Cider Vinegar in Skincare: Safe or Not?

Apple cider vinegar, often known for its place in the kitchen and wellness routines, has recently gained popularity in the world of skincare. From social media claims about clearing acne to home remedies for balancing the skin’s pH, it is often praised as a natural, inexpensive solution. However, before applying ACV directly to the skin, it is worth understanding what science and dermatology have to say about its safety and effectiveness. While apple cider vinegar does have properties that make it potentially useful, it also carries risks when used incorrectly.

Want to explore more about ACV? Head to our [Apple Cider Vinegar Guidance Hub], where we answer the most common questions about how it works, how to take it, and what to expect.

Why People Use Apple Cider Vinegar on Their Skin

The appeal of apple cider vinegar in skincare comes from its reputation as a natural antibacterial and antifungal agent. Many people use it as a toner, spot treatment or cleanser, believing that its acidity helps clear blocked pores, balance oily skin and reduce the growth of acne-causing bacteria. Others use it to calm irritation, treat dandruff or restore balance to the skin’s microbiome.

Because ACV is made through fermentation, it contains acetic acid and small amounts of other organic acids such as lactic, citric and malic acid. These compounds are known for their ability to exfoliate the skin gently, remove excess oil and support the skin barrier. However, while these benefits may sound promising, they depend heavily on how the vinegar is used and how sensitive your skin is.

The Science Behind ACV and Skin Health

Apple cider vinegar’s acidity gives it a naturally low pH, which may help restore balance to the skin’s acid mantle — the protective layer that keeps out harmful bacteria and retains moisture. When the acid mantle is too alkaline, often due to harsh soaps or cleansers, the skin can become dry, irritated and prone to breakouts. In theory, using diluted ACV could help rebalance this acidity and improve barrier function.

Its antimicrobial properties also mean that ACV can inhibit the growth of certain bacteria and fungi, which might benefit those with acne-prone or oily skin. Laboratory studies show that acetic acid can suppress the bacteria associated with acne, though this does not mean applying vinegar directly is always safe or effective. The concentration, frequency and dilution level are critical.

How to Use ACV Safely on the Skin

If you decide to use apple cider vinegar as part of your skincare routine, dilution is essential. Pure vinegar is far too acidic to be applied directly and can cause burns or irritation. A common ratio for topical use is one part vinegar to four or five parts water, though those with sensitive skin may need to dilute it even further.

It is also important to patch test first. Apply a small amount of the diluted solution to a discreet area, such as the inner wrist or behind the ear, and wait 24 hours to check for redness or irritation. If your skin reacts, do not use it on your face or body. ACV should never be used on broken, inflamed or sensitive skin, as the acid can worsen the condition.

Those with dry, eczema-prone or rosacea-prone skin are generally advised to avoid vinegar-based treatments altogether. While the acetic acid can help remove excess oil, it can also strip away natural moisture, leaving the skin feeling tight or sore.

Potential Benefits for the Skin

When used correctly and in moderation, diluted apple cider vinegar may offer some mild benefits. Its acetic acid can help exfoliate dead skin cells, which may improve the appearance of dull or rough skin. The vinegar’s natural antibacterial effects may also help reduce the number of bacteria on the skin’s surface, which could support clearer skin in those with mild blemishes.

Some people also use ACV rinses for the scalp to help remove product build-up and reduce dandruff. Its antifungal properties make it a traditional remedy for minor scalp irritation, though results vary between individuals.

However, these benefits are subtle and should not replace clinically tested skincare treatments. While apple cider vinegar can be a helpful natural ingredient, it is not a substitute for dermatologist-recommended care or targeted products for conditions like acne or eczema.

Risks and Side Effects

The biggest risk with apple cider vinegar in skincare is overuse or using it undiluted. Its high acidity can cause chemical burns, redness, peeling and long-term sensitivity. There have been documented cases of vinegar burns from home remedies, particularly when left on the skin for too long or applied under occlusion (such as bandages or cotton pads).

Over time, repeated use of strong acids can weaken the skin barrier, making it more prone to dehydration, infection and irritation. People with darker skin tones should also take extra care, as irritation or burns can lead to hyperpigmentation that takes time to fade.

If you experience stinging, redness or discomfort when applying diluted ACV, rinse the area thoroughly with cool water and discontinue use. It is better to use gentler, pH-balanced products designed specifically for the skin rather than risk injury with DIY treatments.

ACV and the Skin’s Microbiome

There is increasing interest in how natural acids such as acetic acid may influence the skin’s microbiome. This is the community of bacteria that live on the skin’s surface and help protect it from environmental stress and pathogens. In theory, ACV could help balance the microbiome by reducing harmful bacteria and allowing beneficial microbes to thrive.

However, research in this area is still limited, and much of what is known comes from studies on internal gut health rather than topical skincare. While the idea is promising, using vinegar directly on the skin should still be approached with caution until more evidence confirms its safety and efficacy.

Professional Opinions on ACV for Skin

Most dermatologists agree that while apple cider vinegar has some useful properties, it should not be considered a first-line skincare treatment. The risks of irritation often outweigh the potential benefits, especially when used undiluted or too frequently. For those with sensitive or problem-prone skin, professionally formulated products containing gentle acids like lactic or glycolic acid are much safer and more effective alternatives.

If you do wish to incorporate ACV into your routine, doing so sparingly and carefully is key. Use it as a short contact treatment (such as a quick toner or rinse), always heavily diluted, and avoid using it daily. Never apply it to open wounds or use it as a spot treatment for severe acne.

Alternatives to ACV in Skincare

For those looking for natural options, there are safer ways to achieve similar results. Products containing mild fruit acids, witch hazel, aloe vera or green tea extract can help tone and clarify the skin without the same level of irritation risk. Maintaining good hydration, gentle cleansing and consistent use of sunscreen are also fundamental to healthy skin, with or without vinegar.

Those interested in ACV’s potential digestive or systemic benefits may find more predictable results from consuming it safely in diluted form or opting for apple cider vinegar gummies. These support wellbeing from within without the risks associated with topical application.

Conclusion

Apple cider vinegar can be beneficial for the skin in very small, controlled doses, but it is not without risk. Its antibacterial and pH-balancing properties make it a potentially useful natural ingredient, yet its high acidity means it must always be used with caution. For most people, safer and more effective skincare options are available through professionally formulated products designed for sensitive and problem-prone skin.

Used correctly, diluted ACV may have a mild cleansing or toning effect, but it should never replace evidence-based skincare or medical advice. If you are curious about using apple cider vinegar for your skin, always start gently and prioritise your skin’s comfort and safety above all.

If you are looking for a more convenient way to enjoy the benefits of ACV without applying it to your skin, our apple cider vinegar gummies are a great alternative. They are easy to take, taste great and fit effortlessly into your daily routine.