What Is Inside Smelling Salts?

Smelling salts are a traditional remedy used to revive someone who has fainted or feels lightheaded. They work by irritating the mucous membranes of the nose and lungs, which triggers an inhalation reflex and increases alertness.

Key Ingredients

The primary ingredient in smelling salts is ammonium carbonate, a white crystalline solid that releases ammonia gas when exposed to air. This ammonia gas produces a strong, pungent odor that stimulates the nasal passages and respiratory system. Some formulations may also include water and perfume or other chemicals to stabilise the mixture.

How They Work

When the ammonia gas is inhaled, it causes an irritation that leads to rapid breathing and increased oxygen flow to the brain. This helps restore consciousness and alertness quickly after fainting or drowsiness.

Safety Considerations

Smelling salts should be used cautiously and not frequently, as excessive exposure to ammonia gas can irritate the respiratory system. They are not a treatment for underlying medical conditions and medical advice should be sought if fainting occurs.

Summary

Smelling salts contain ammonium carbonate, which releases ammonia gas to stimulate breathing and increase alertness. They provide a quick, temporary response to faintness but should be used with care.